英語語法:指示代詞
來源:本站原創(chuàng) 點擊率: 發(fā)布: 2012-10-24
1) 指示代詞分單數(shù)(this / that)和復(fù)數(shù)(these / those)兩種形式,既可作限定詞又可做代詞,例如:
單數(shù) 復(fù)數(shù)
限定詞:this girl is mary. those men are my
teachers.
代詞: this is mary. those are my
teachers.
2) 指示代詞的句法功能;
a. 作主語
this is the way to do it.
這事兒就該這樣做。
b. 作賓語
i like this better than that.
我喜歡這個甚至那個。
c. 作主語補語
my point is this.
我的觀點就是如此。
d. 作介詞賓語
i don't say no to that.
我并未拒絕那個。
there is no fear of that.
那并不可怕。
說明1:
指示代詞在作主語時可指物也可指人,但作其他句子成分時只能指物,不能指人,例如:
(對)that is my teacher. 那是我的老師。( that作主語,指人)
(對)he is going to marry this girl. 他要和這個姑娘結(jié)婚。(this作限定詞)
(錯)he is going to marry this.。╰his作賓語時不能指人)
(對)i bought this. 我買這個。(this指物,可作賓語)
說明2:
that和those可作定語從句的先行詞,但this和 these不能,同時,在作先行詞時,只有those可指人,試比較:
(對) he admired that which looked beautiful. 他贊賞外表漂亮的東西。
(對) he admired those who looked beautiful. 他贊賞那些外表漂亮的人。(those指人)
(錯) he admired that who danced well.。╰hat作賓語時不能指人)
(對) he admired those who danced well. 他贊賞跳舞好的人。(those指人)
(對) he admired those which looked beautiful. 他贊賞那些外表漂亮的東西。(those指物)