定于從句的學(xué)習(xí)
來源:本站原創(chuàng) 點(diǎn)擊率: 發(fā)布: 2013-2-18
一、關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句
1、由who, whom, that,whose引導(dǎo)的從句
這些詞代替的先行詞是人的名詞或代詞,who作主語(yǔ)指人,whom作賓語(yǔ)指人,that既可作主語(yǔ)又可作賓語(yǔ)(作賓語(yǔ)可以省略),可以指人也可以指物。whose 用來指人或物,只用作定語(yǔ)。
(1) is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他是那個(gè)想見你的男人嗎?(who/that在從句中作主語(yǔ))
(2) he is the man whom/ that i saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天見的那個(gè)人。(whom/that在從句中作賓語(yǔ))
(3) the man whom you spoke to just now is our english teacher 你剛剛說話的那個(gè)男人是我們的英語(yǔ)老師
(4) he man whose son is a doctor is our professor. 那個(gè)兒子是醫(yī)生的男人是我們的教授。
2、由which, that引導(dǎo)的從句
它們所代替的先行詞是事物的名詞或代詞,在從句中可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)等,作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可以省略,例如:
(1) prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 農(nóng)村出現(xiàn)了前所未有的繁榮。(which / that在從句中作主語(yǔ))
(2) the package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿那個(gè)包裹快要散開了。(which / that在從句中作賓語(yǔ))
注意: 代表物時(shí)多用which,但在下列情況中用that而不用which:
a)先行詞是anything, everything, nothing , none等不定代詞時(shí);
b)先行詞由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修飾時(shí),這時(shí)的that常被省略;
c)先行詞前有序數(shù)詞或被形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí);
d)先行詞中既有人又有物時(shí);
e)整個(gè)句中前面已有which,who,that時(shí);
f)當(dāng)先行詞為物并作表語(yǔ)時(shí);
g)先行詞為one時(shí);
h)先行詞同時(shí)又被the only,the very,the same修飾時(shí);
二、關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句
1、when指時(shí)間在定語(yǔ)從句中做時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)也可做連接詞用 i still remember the day when i first came to the school.
2、where指地點(diǎn)在定語(yǔ)從句中做地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ) shanghai is the city where i was born.
3、why指原因在定語(yǔ)從句中做原因狀語(yǔ) ,用在reason 后面。 please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.
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