寫(xiě)作中句子如何多樣化
句子的多樣化
英語(yǔ)中,同一思想用不同句式表達(dá),其效果會(huì)大不相同。要想寫(xiě)出好的文章,就要不斷地變化句子的結(jié)構(gòu)形式。
l、長(zhǎng)短句交替使用
句子的長(zhǎng)短是為表達(dá)思想服務(wù)的。英語(yǔ)短句結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單,意思明白具有生動(dòng)活潑而又干脆利索的表達(dá)效果,而長(zhǎng)句結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜,信息豐富,能表達(dá)成熟的思想與復(fù)雜的概念。一味地使用長(zhǎng)句或短句會(huì)使文章顯得單調(diào),乏味,從而影響文章的總體效果。科學(xué)地交替使用長(zhǎng)短句使句子結(jié)構(gòu)變化多樣,不僅給文章帶來(lái)頓挫起伏的語(yǔ)言美感,而且可以受到理想的修辭效果。請(qǐng)看下面的這段話:
she returned to her office.there was a note under the door. it was from mr may.he said he was waiting for her in the coffee room.a(chǎn)nd he bad not found her sister.hewas sorry to have missed her.
這段話用了一連串的短句,讀起來(lái)單調(diào)呆板,平淡無(wú)味。為使文字更加生動(dòng),意思更加明確可改為:
when she returned to her office,the found a note from mr may under the door.he said he was waiting for her in the coffee room and hadnt found her sister yet.headded that he was sorry to have missed her.
修改后三個(gè)句子長(zhǎng)短不一,讀起來(lái)就給人以不同的感覺(jué)。
又如《大學(xué)英語(yǔ)》第一冊(cè)第十課 going home,當(dāng)汽車(chē)駛至 brunsnick,車(chē)上的年輕人看見(jiàn)黃手帕?xí)r,出現(xiàn)了以下這兩行文字:
then,suddenly,all of the young people were up out of thelr seats,screamlng andshouting and cryin, doing small dances of joy.all except vlngo.這兩句話一長(zhǎng)(23個(gè)詞)一短(3個(gè)詞),彼此襯托互為凸現(xiàn)。第一句的兩個(gè)and和四個(gè)-ing詞,把熱鬧、喧嘩的氣氛喧染極至,長(zhǎng)句之后,蜂回路轉(zhuǎn),一個(gè)僅三個(gè)詞的短句撲入讀者的雙目幾乎沸騰的場(chǎng)面頓時(shí)凝固但其余音未絕,此時(shí)外表雖冷漠,內(nèi)心卻炙熱難當(dāng)。
2、句子開(kāi)頭的多樣化
“主-謂-賓”、“主-系-表”是英語(yǔ)的基本句型,主語(yǔ)領(lǐng)先句也是用得最多的句型。寫(xiě)作中為避免形式單一,當(dāng)句子可以用主語(yǔ)開(kāi)頭,同時(shí)又可以其它結(jié)構(gòu)開(kāi)頭時(shí),不妨變換一下。如:
(1)defeated in the minor exchanges,i now play my queen of trumps.(分詞短語(yǔ)做狀語(yǔ)開(kāi)頭)
(2)there are two ways in which one can own a book.( there be句型開(kāi)頭)
(3)equally important is a good habit of reading(表語(yǔ)開(kāi)頭)
以上各句都可以用主語(yǔ)開(kāi)句,但在篇章中通過(guò)改變句子開(kāi)頭,文章就會(huì)疏落有致,語(yǔ)言形式豐富多采。
3、句子結(jié)構(gòu)的多樣化
寫(xiě)作中可以通過(guò)句型結(jié)構(gòu)的變化來(lái)增添文采,強(qiáng)化表現(xiàn)力。如:
(l) the love of the liberty is the love of the others;the love of power ls thelove of ourselves.
(平行結(jié)構(gòu).這類結(jié)構(gòu)整齊、緊湊;句子生動(dòng)、鮮明,語(yǔ)義貫通、語(yǔ)勢(shì)強(qiáng)勁有力。)
(2)the days when we suffered from oppression and exploitation are gone.(這樣表達(dá)文字通順,但語(yǔ)意不很突出。)
改為:gone are the days when we suffered fron oppression andexploitation.
(采用倒裝句結(jié)構(gòu)后,充分體現(xiàn)出受剝削受壓迫的人民解放后揚(yáng)眉吐氣的心情。)