there be結(jié)構(gòu)解析
小升初英語(yǔ)基本語(yǔ)法: there be結(jié)構(gòu)
1)英語(yǔ)中的there be 結(jié)構(gòu)意思是“有”,表示在某地或某時(shí)有某人或某物。there be 結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是“存在關(guān)系”。there be 結(jié)構(gòu)中的be具有時(shí)態(tài)變化(is, are, was, were). there be后接的如果是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞時(shí),be只能是單數(shù)形式is或was;如:there is a book on the desk. there was some milk in the bottle yesterday. 如:there be后接的如果是復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞時(shí),一定要用復(fù)數(shù)形式are 或were。there are some books on the desk. there were some books on the desk yesterday.
2)在英語(yǔ)中表示“有”這一概念除了there be結(jié)構(gòu)以外,還有have/ has。它們的用法區(qū)別:have/ has表示“某物歸某人所有”,強(qiáng)調(diào)所屬關(guān)系,而there be指“在某地或某時(shí)有某人或某物”,強(qiáng)調(diào)存在關(guān)系。比較:there is a bus in our school.(只表示存在,bus不一定屬于學(xué)校)
our school has a bus.(表示我們學(xué)校擁有bus這一財(cái)產(chǎn)).考查there be 句型的常見題型有單項(xiàng)填空、完型填空、句型轉(zhuǎn)換和改錯(cuò)等。做這類題時(shí),必須首先認(rèn)真理解全句的意思,看是表示“存在”的“有”還是“擁有”來(lái)決定是否用there be還是用其他句型。
3)there be可以有現(xiàn)在時(shí)(there is/are)、過去時(shí)(there was/were)、將來(lái)時(shí)(there is/are going to be或there will be)和完成時(shí)(there have/has been);還可用there must be ,there can‘t be, there used to be等
4)反意疑問句的構(gòu)成:be (not) there?
5)主謂一致:there be 結(jié)構(gòu)中的be動(dòng)詞要和后面所跟名詞保持一致,遵循就近原則。
注意:
1.句型中含有some時(shí),變?yōu)榉穸ň洹⒁蓡柧鋾r(shí)一般要改為any。
2.對(duì)數(shù)量提問:how many +可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) + are there +…?
how much +不可數(shù)名詞 + is there +…?
3.對(duì)句中 sth.部分提問一般用what’s +地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)?有時(shí)也用what‘s there +地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)?
4.there be 句型中有時(shí)不用動(dòng)詞be ,而用come , live ,stand , lie, seem to be , happen to be ,等
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