新概念英語(yǔ)第一冊(cè)語(yǔ)法總結(jié)：動(dòng)詞的變化

新東方英語(yǔ)冬令營(yíng)，介紹語(yǔ)法，動(dòng)詞的變化
1）代詞及be動(dòng)詞
　　主格 i we you you she/he/it they
　　賓格 me us you you her/him/it them
　　代詞所有格 my our your your her/his/its their
　　名詞性代詞 mine ours yours yours hers/his/its theirs
　　be動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在時(shí) am are are are is are
　　be動(dòng)詞過(guò)去時(shí) was were were were was were

2）名詞的復(fù)數(shù)
　　規(guī)則變化的名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式
　　規(guī)則1 一般情況+s e.g. shell→shells  toy→toys
　　規(guī)則2 以s, x, ch, sh結(jié)尾+es e.g. fox→foxes  church→churches
　　規(guī)則3 以o結(jié)尾+s或+es e.g. radio→radios  potato→potatoes
　　規(guī)則4 以f, fe結(jié)尾的，變f, fe為ves e.g. life→lives  half→halves
　　規(guī)則5 以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾， 變y為i+es e.g. sky→skies  study→studies

3）動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式
　規(guī)則1 一般情況+s e.g. like-likes, look-looks
　規(guī)則2 以s, x, ch, sh和o結(jié)尾+es e.g. do-does, catch-catches
　規(guī)則3 以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾， 變y為i+es e.g. carry-carries, fly-flies

4）動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞
　　規(guī)則1 一般動(dòng)詞加-ing e.g. look-looking,  read-reading,  play-playing
　　規(guī)則2 以不發(fā)音的字母結(jié)尾的單詞去e加-ing e.g. make-making, take-taking, arrive-arriving
　　規(guī)則3 重讀閉音節(jié)詞結(jié)尾， 即單詞中只有一個(gè)元音字母，其后緊跟一個(gè)輔音字母的詞，雙寫輔音字母再加-ing  e. g. run-running, sit-sitting, get-getting, swim-swimming, stop-stopping

5）動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式

      規(guī)則動(dòng)詞變化
　  規(guī)則1 一般動(dòng)詞加-ed e.g. look-looked, watch-watched, play-played
　 規(guī)則2 以e結(jié)尾的加-d e.g. make-maked, arrive-arrived
　 規(guī)則3 以輔音字母y結(jié)尾的變y為i加-ed cry-cried, carry-carried
　 規(guī)則4 重讀閉音節(jié)詞結(jié)尾， 即單詞中只有一個(gè)元音字母，其后緊跟一個(gè)輔音字母的詞，雙寫輔音字母再加-ed  stop-stopped

      過(guò)去式的讀音
　　在清輔音后面（除外）讀/t/ e.g. walked, jumped
　　在濁輔音和元音后讀/d/ e.g. washed, watched
　　在/t/，/d/后讀/id/ e.g. waited, hated